ILLUSIONS ASSUMPTIONS DELUSIONS CONFUSIONS DISILLUSION DISSOLLUTIONS

Largely thanks to a plethora of misleading information and advice, too many MissLed women  have left with a MISSTAKEN mindset.  This consists of a toxic formula of 
ILLUSIONS->  ASSUMPTIONS-> DELUSIONS ->CONFUSIONS-> DISILLUSION. In extreme situations, a painful
DISSOLUTION of their most precious relationships will also occur.  What this means is the
decay, disintegration or termination or destruction of their friendships with their
fellow women or their intimate partnerships with their men.


ILLUSIONS

"Cognitive illusions are the points where everyone's apprehension breaks down and logic goes awry."
 Michael Kaplan, Ellen Kaplan, Bozo Sapiens: Why to Err is Human, (NY:  Bloomsbury Press, 2009) 113.

"The thing is, we are blind to our own illusions." Tali Sharot, The Optimism Bias:  A Tour of 
the Irrationally Positive Brain, (NY: Vintage Books, 2012) 15.

Illusions are distorted beliefs that are not merely wrong, but wrong
in dangerous ways. They negatively impact MissLed women's thoughts, decisions and actions.  What makes something an illusion?

MissLed women have the illusion that what they believe is reasonable - because they are unable to
recognize that it is only an illusion.  Ironically, the problem with illusions is significantly compounded by MissLed women's' unawareness of their presence. The fact that they don't see or know everything is made even worse because they often pridefully think they see or know practically everything.  Indeed, illusions are particularly hazardous when MissLed women harbor the misperception that they reflect reality:

"An illusion is an illusion because we perceive it at face value - as reality." Tali Sharot, The Optimism Bias:  A Tour of the Irrationally Positive Brain, (NY: Vintage Books, 2012) 6.

According to Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons' 2011 book The Invisible Gorilla, there
are several common illusions that lead to errors in judgment. These result in thought-mistakes (cognitive distortions) that lead to unnecessary anxieties. Too often, they a significant factor in
innumerable relationship conflict and misunderstandings, especially for MissLed women.
They can also be the source of the type of demoralization that induces people to prematurely give up on important goals.

What makes illusions even more dangerous is the mistaken overconfidence MissLed women
too often have in the accuracy of their own perceptions, memories, and knowledge:

"We all believe that we are capable of seeing what's in front of us, of accurately remembering
important events from our past, of understanding the limits of our knowledge, of properly determining
cause and effect.  But these intuitive beliefs are often mistaken ones that mask critically important
limitations on our cognitive abilities." Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons, The Invisible Gorilla,
(NY: Broadway Books, 2011) x.

The following Illusions are all-too-common among MissLed women:

1. The Illusion of attention: They are largely unaware of how much they miss. Such a lack of awareness is not usually self-correcting (especially for excessively prideful MissLed women). Because MissLed women (like all humans) have limited attention resources, they usually see only what they expect to see;
more often than not, they fail to see what they do not expect to see:

"Our neurological circuits for vision and attention are built for pedestrian speeds,
not for driving speeds." Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons, The Invisible Gorilla,
(NY: Broadway Books, 2011) 37.

2. The Illusion of memory: The distortion and embellishment of memories that adversely
affect MissLed women's recall of what actually transpired.  Significantly, they are particularly prone to this illusion when part of those events that have a high emotional impact.

3. The Illusion of confidence:  Due to this illusion, many MissLed women overrate their own abilities (especially in comparison to others).  They tend to favorably interpret another person's confidence as a sign that they have superior ability.  Ironically, those MissLed women that are most incompetent tend to have the largest amount of misplaced confidence:

"The incompetent face two significant hurdles: First, they are below average in
ability. Second, since they don't' realize they are below average, they are unlikely to take
steps to improve their ability." Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons, The Invisible Gorilla,
(NY: Broadway Books, 2011) 89.

They misguidedly believe that they possess wide and deep understanding.  than they
in fact have. Since they do not know what they think they know, the unfortunate consequences are
often poor and damaging decisions.

4. The Illusion of knowledge: When MissLed women implicitly believe that they
possess considerably more knowledge than they actually do. Once again, bad decisions are often made because they do not know what they are (wrongly) convinced that they know:

"Over and over, the illusion of knowledge convinces us that we have a deeper understanding
what a project will entail, when all we really have is a rough and optimistic guess based on a
shallow familiarity." Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons, The Invisible Gorilla,
(NY: Broadway Books, 2011) 126.

The illusion of knowledge can also involve others. When MissLed women assume
that so-called "experts" always know more, understand more, can do more, and can do it better, they
are misguided.

5.  The Illusion of cause:  MissLed women's inclination to find causal
relationships where none exist.  (A particularly harmful and well known example of this
shown by Jenny McCarthy's specious claim that autism is caused by vaccination).  It stems from their
strong inclination to find meaning in patterns (they wrongly perceive repeating patterns in
randomness as predictive of future events). They also incorrectly infer causal relationships
from coincidences (assume that events that happen together have a causal relationship,
when, in fact, the reality is coincidence). Finally, they tend to wrongly assume that events that
happen earlier were the direct cause of events that happened (or appear to have happened) later.

6.  The Illusion of potential:  Describes the effects of the widespread
misbelief that the human mind has unlimited potential.  (The most popular one being that humans only
use 10% of their brains). MissLed women - who tend to cling to any belief that involves
positivity or potential - are particularly susceptible to this belief and the many snake oil
salesmen and saleswomen who are glad to foster this illusion:
"The illusion of potential relies on the corollary belief that we have vast pools of untapped
brain power just waiting to be released. The myth that we only use 10% of our brain is a direct
statement of this idea. Hucksters use the belief in untapped potential to sell everything from
miracle exercise regimens (great results with minimal effort) to ultra-fast speed reading.
Self-claimed psychics argue that they discovered their abilities." "Harry Potter and the Illusion of Potential,"
November 16, 2010, Psychology Today, Daniel Simons in The Gorilla Guys
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-gorilla-guys/201011/harry-potter-and-the-illusion-potential

7.  The Illusion of validity: The inordinate amount of misplaced confidence too many MissLed women have in their own judgment.  This persists even in the face of clear and convincing evidence that their judgment is mistaken.  Ironically, they have no idea that they don't know what they are doing.

8.  The Illusion of invulnerability: Refers to the presence of excessive optimism that encourages
MissLed women's penchant for imprudent, even extreme risks. Typically, those MissLed women who have this illusion have the misplaced belief that bad things only happen to other people.

9.  The Illusion of control:  Notwithstanding their own belief, in truth, much of what MissLed women misattribute to good (or bad) decision-making is actually the result of chance and/or forces way beyond their control.  Yet, they cling to this illusion as it seems to offer protection against the many
unpredictable things in life:

"The illusion of control is an immensely powerful mechanism to immunize against harm, especially
if it unpredictable." Bruce M. Hood, The Science of Superstition: How the Developing Brain Creates Supernatural Beliefs, (NY: HarperCollins, 2009) 17.

"The illusion of control is the tendency to believe that we can influence something over which we have absolutely no sway." Rolf Dobelli, The Art of Thinking Clearly, (London:  Sceptre, 2013) 50.

In some MissLed women, the illusion of control stems from their desire to submit their reason and will to authority:

"The illusion that life is both controllable and meaningful allows much of social life to proceed.  The unpalatable truth that we are quite small and powerless in a world roiling with chaos and uncertainty is simply too much to bear." The Allure of Toxic Leaders: Why We Follow Destructive Bosses and Corrupt Politicians--and How We Can Survive Them, (NY:  Oxford U. Press, 2005) 51.

10.  The Illusion of skill:  MissLed women too often have a deeply ingrained illusion that their
skill is responsible for their successes.  Any facts that challenge this assumption - and thereby
threaten the illusion - are not acknowledged. Their mind simply does not digest them.
Another illusion common with MissLed women is the Illusion of Objectivity.
Within this illusion, MissLed women often will misguidedly claim to be objective about themselves and others.
"Over and over again, studies show that people set out on a cognitive mission to
bring back reasons to support their preferred belief or action.  And because we
are usually successful in this mission, we end up with the illusion of objectivity.
We really believe that our position is rationally and objectively justified." Jonathan Haidt,
The Happiness Hypothesis: Finding Modern Truth in Ancient Wisdom, (NY: Basic Books, 2006) 65.

MissLed women are often prone to this because their perception of reality is blurred
by the pervasiveness and power of their emotions:
"Our emotions' guidance of our attention is the rule, not the exception."
http://selfunreflecting.wordpress.com/2011/08/04/the-illusion-of-objectivity/
"The Illusion of Objectivity Betrayed by the Pervasive Influence of Emotion"

The Focusing Illusion is yet another illusion that is increasingly common with MissLed women.
This occurs when MissLed women concentrate attention, or anchor, on the influence
of any single factor on their well-being.  In other words, they fail to take into account that
well-being usually results from many, often quite varied, factors.  They also tend to exaggerate the importance
of any single factor relative to the many factors that actually contribute to moment-to-moment happiness. 

Marketers and politicians excel at exploiting the Focusing illusion. This enables them to influence
MissLed women's decision-making and behavior. The avoidance of  advertisements
and political rhetoric is the best tactic to avoid such influences. Unfortunately, MissLed
women rarely do either.  As a result, they are too often seduced by the methods of the shrewd
advertisers, propagandizers and manipulators.

Still another illusion that is indicative of  MissLed women's self-absorption is the Egocentric Illusion:

"The egocentric predicament entails an illusion.  For the duration of our mortal existence we must occupy a physical organism; we must "occupy" a space and time.  And herein lies the egocentric illusion, for it appears to each of us that our center is the hub of the whole universe, or, conversely,  that the entire cosmos revolves around that point in space/time that we occupy."
 James L. Christian, Philosophy: An Introduction to the Art of Wondering,  (Boston, Wadsworth Cenage, 2006)79.

The final illusions tend to plague MissLed women are the Illusion of Permanence, Illusion of Consistency, and the Introspection Illusion. When it comes to the Illusion of Permanence,  MissLed women's perception of permanence reflects their propensity for wishful thinking.  Too often MissLed women cling to a person or belief as if they expect them to be never changing and always present.
In doing so, they set themselves up for disappointment and suffering. When the inevitable changes occur, the illusion is shattered, and they tend to become discouraged and afraid.  Indeed, this
misconception is a hindrance to their acceptance of, and mental preparation for, the inevitability of, change:

"Our belief that life isn't change isn't so much a delusion, however, as it is a misconception. For
if we were to broaden our perspective and consider the frequency of change throughout humankind's
history—or better yet, throughout the history of the cosmos—it would quickly become clear that
change is the rule, not the exception."
"The Illusion Of Permanence:  The way we look at change determines how we experience it"
March 25, 2012 by Alex Lickerman, M.D., in "Happiness in this World"
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/happiness-in-world/201203/the-illusion-permanence

The Illusion of Consistency plagues far too many MissLed women.  Indeed, since it is widespread, hidden, and rarely recognized, it can be a particularly serious detriment to good decision making.  MissLed women tend to be  prone to overlook the inconsistencies in their thinking, beliefs, and behaviors.

Finally, MissLed women's  misguided faith in the accuracy of their soul-searching often leads them to an Introspection Illusion:

"Introspection is not reliable.  When we soul-search, we contrive the findings.  The belief that reflection leads to truth or accuracy is called the introspection illusion."
Rolf Dobelli, The Art of Thinking Clearly, (London:  Sceptre, 2013) 201.

Why, then, are MissLed women's particularly susceptible to cognitive illusions?
For them, illusions are emotionally compelling - they seem so powerful and vivid that they appear
real or true.
The disturbing fact that life is a series of confounding coincidences and inexplicable flukes is something they prefer to deny or ignore.  MissLed women prefer instead to turn to nearly anything - astrologers, gurus, rulebooks, programs, religious doctrines - that promises instead to provide a comforting sense of meaning and predictability from the chaos. Of course, such beliefs and biases don't provide answers.  That's why they're known as ILLUSIONS.  Tragically, rather than offering comfort and answers to life's questions, they damage and self-handicap MissLed women.
Illusions detour and derail them from reaching their potential in terms of happiness, career success, and interpersonal relationships:

"What we call illusion is really unshakeable but unjustified assumption: our beliefs about the world control what we are able to see.  Why should we hobble ourselves in this way?  Why can't we allow life itself to teach us what to look for?" Ellen Kaplan, Michael Kaplan, Bozo Sapiens: Why to Err is Human, (NY:  Bloomsbury Press, 2009) 77.

"The real tragedy of the human condition is not that we must die, but that we choose to live by illusions.  We trade off the sting of actuality for the comforting cocoon of illusions, insulated from fear." Jean Lipman-Blumen, The Allure of Toxic Leaders: Why We Follow Destructive Bosses and Corrupt Politicians--and How We Can Survive Them, (NY:  Oxford U. Press, 2005) 50.


==============================================================
MOSES ILLUSION:
"When asked how many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark? most people responded two, even though they know it was Noah, not Moses, who took the animals on the Ark.  a term in a sentence or a question is replaced with similar but incorrect term, people have difficulty in detecting the distortion. This tendency to overlook distortions in statements is known as the Moses Illusion."

Rüdiger F Pohl, Cognitive Illusions: A Handbook on Fallacies and Biases in Thinking, Judgement and Memory, (NY:  Psychology Press, 2004 ) 275.

"How do people know when they understand a sentence, and why do they sometimes think they understand, but do not? These fundamental issues for understanding human communication and learning are mirrored in the Moses illusion, the fact that people often miscomprehend questions such as, “How many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark?” responding “two” rather than “zero” with high confidence, even though they know that Noah took animals on the Ark, but Moses did not (Erickson & Mattson, 1981)."   "THE MOSES, MEGA-MOSES, AND ARMSTRONG ILLUSIONS: Integrating Language Comprehension and Semantic Memory, Meredith Shafto and Donald G. MacKay University of California, Los Angeles, PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE, VOL. 11, NO. 5, SEPTEMBER 2000


 

POSITIVE:
"People typically judge themselves to be happy, and they maintain inflated ideas about their abilities and characteristics."  Rüdiger F Pohl, Cognitive Illusions: A Handbook on Fallacies and Biases in Thinking, Judgement and Memory, (NY:  Psychology Press, 2004 ) 269.
ILLUSION OF MEMORY:
"In memory, people recall pleasant information more accurately than similarly intense unpleasant information, and unpleasant memories typically grow neutral with the passage of time." Rüdiger F Pohl, Cognitive Illusions: A Handbook on Fallacies and Biases in Thinking, Judgement and Memory, (NY:  Psychology Press, 2004 ) 269.

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ASSUMPTIONS
“Your assumptions are your windows on the world. Scrub them off every once in a while, or the light won't come in.”   ― Isaac Asimov

"...never questioning our assumptions leaves us in thinking ruts." Tom Butler Bowdon, 50 Psychology Classics, (London:  Nicolas Brealey Publishing, 2007) 40.

An assumption is something  presupposed or taken for granted. Usually it is something MissLed women
previously learned and, unwisely,  never questioned.
Assumptions and inferences permeate MissLed women's lives precisely because they
cannot act without them. They make judgments, form interpretations, and come to conclusions
based on the beliefs they have formed. They are part of MissLed women's system of beliefs. They assume their
beliefs to be true and use them to interpret the world about them.
This is all understandable. The problem lies with their tendency to neither question nor examine the accuracy or validity of them. 
Humans make hundreds of assumptions without knowing it - without thinking about it. While many
assumptions are sound and justifiable, many clearly are not. Indeed, since assumptions are usually
unconscious, they often embody prejudices, biases, and one-sided beliefs.


For MissLed women, the root of many of their problems in thinking often lies with false assumptions.
Such a propensity for misguided assumptions can lead to profound misunderstandings
and conflicts. There's a good reason for the popularity of the joke, "When you A-S-S-U-M-E,
you make an ASS, out of U, and ME." It is not only good for a chuckle, but, far too often,
rings true to life for MissLed women.

MissLed women's typical, misguided progression of their Assumptions:

Ignorance Assumption --> Idiocy Assumption --> Evil Assumption

When confronted with people who do not agree with them, MissLed women start with the
Ignorance Assumption ("You just don't understand all the facts as well as I do!").

They then proceed to the Idiocy Assumption ("Ok, you do understand the facts, but you
are too stupid to see them as I do!").

Finally, they proceed to the Evil Assumption ("You may understand
these facts but you are evil and so arrive at the wrong conclusions!").

"Because we are so confident of our beliefs, we experience three reactions when someone fails to
share our views.
Response 1: Assumption of Ignorance.  The other party clearly lacks the necessary information.  If he knew what you know, he would be of the same opinion...
Reaction 2:  Assumption of Idiocy.  The other person has the necessary information, but his mind is underdeveloped.  He cannot draw the obvious conclusions.  In other words, he's a moron...
Response 3:  Assumption of Malice:  Your counterpart has the necessary information - he can understand the debate - but he is deliberately controversial.  He has evil intentions." The Art of Thinking Clearly, (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2013) 201-202.

Of course, one, two, or 3 of these responses can often prove unjust or misguided assumptions:

"Do not assume that those who think differently are idiots...Before you distrust them, question your own assumptions." Rolf Dobelli, The Art of Thinking Clearly, (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2013)232.

"Socially taught beliefs are often unreliable.  So many of our beliefs have been acquired through
 and irresponsible or ignorant teaching.  Many of these beliefs are so deeply ingrained that they are hidden from our own view."  Epictetus, Sharon Libell, The Art of Living: The Classical Manual on Virtue, (NY: HarperCollins, 1995) 87.

Not surprisingly, then, a proclivity for these often unwarranted assumptions can lead
MissLed women into serious personal difficulties.  Such behavior tends to
alienate their friends, family, and colleagues.
================================================================================
"We have...evolved a of mind full of assumptions, shortcuts, rules of thumb, heuristics - theories or the world and all within it - to allow us to block out most information and  act quickly,
despite our brain's limited input capacity and slow clock speed.  Such theories are bound to be at least partly wrong, and to work only in certain situations." Michael Kaplan, Ellen Kaplan, Bozo Sapiens: Why to Err is Human, (NY:  Bloomsbury Press, 2009) vi.


Much of what is wrong with human thought can be found in the uncritical or unexamined assumptions that underlie it
Assumptions are potentially problematic when they remain invisible. Since MissLed women are
too often not properly aware of the beliefs they take for granted, they are in no position to consider evidence presented for or against them.
 They assume their beliefs to be true and use them to interpret the world about
them. If their beliefs are sound ones, their assumptions are sound. If, however, their beliefs are
not sound, their assumptions are not sound. Beliefs, and hence assumptions, can be
unjustified or justified, depending upon whether they do or do not have good reasons
 for them. Humans naturally and regularly use  beliefs as assumptions and make inferences based
on those assumptions. They must do so to make sense of where they are, what they are about, and
what is happening. Assumptions and inferences permeate their lives precisely because they
cannot act without them. They make judgments, form interpretations, and come to conclusions
based on the beliefs they have formed. Many assumptions are sound and justifiable. Many, however, are not, and those get MissLed women into trouble. Even worse, assumptions significantly hobble
the clarity of MissLed women's  vision of the world:


"What we call illusion is usually unbreakable or unjustified assumption:   our beliefs about the world control what we are able to see. Why should we hobble ourselves in this way?  Why can't we allow life itself to teach us what to look for?" Michael Kaplan, Ellen Kaplan, Bozo Sapiens: Why to Err is Human, (NY:  Bloomsbury Press, 2009) 77.
============================================================================================
DELUSIONS
"How, in particular, do the true believers manage to convince themselves and
others that they are the rational, reasonable ones
and everyone else is deluded?" Stephen Law, Believing Bullshit, (Amherst,
NY: Prometheus Books, 2011) 9.

After being partially or completely blinded by illusions, and partially or fully misguided by their assumptions, not surprisingly, many MissLed women are left prone to delusions. 
Delusions are false beliefs that are unyielding to actual reality.
These mistaken or misleading opinions, ideas, or beliefs, create an alternate (more favorable to
them) reality:

Delusions replace the actual facts. Those are buried out of sight or denied.
Compounding this problem, MissLed women tend to hold their delusions quite strongly - often
with a misguided certainty, regardless of any contradictory or invalidating evidence. Indeed,
delusions, much like fantasy, are a powerful, seductive, ego defense mechanism. Much like
ignorance, however, they are often a blissful escape - but merely short-lived ones. The damage
they inflict can be pervasive and profound.  Consider how clinging to delusions impacts
MissLed women's personal lives. Regardless of their personal circumstances, some deludely
claim they "deserve" to be loved by a wonderful man. Others dangerously delude themselves regarding
their financial status.  This happens when they hold the delusion that they can afford a luxury
item, despite the fact that it is far outside their budget.  Similarly, some are deluded into
believing that they can pay off their credit card debt (when they are actually headed to a humiliating,
destructive bankruptcy).
Even delusions of grandeur are on the rise among MissLed women.
Given all the media and cultural encouragement of female empowerment, this is not
surprising. Pumped up with exclamations of "go girl" from parents and school,
too many have an overestimation of own importance, their personal worth,
or attractiveness. Witness the women proudly proclaiming themselves as princesses, divas,
or even bitches (all of which imply power and majesty, and therefore rationalizing their expectations
of special treatment). Too many MissLed women misperceive that they are
much more talented, intelligent, powerful and influential than they really are.
Often this delusion is accompanied by a sense of entitlement and unrealistic
expectations. 
Harboring delusions can significantly impact MissLed women's health:

"Allowing delusion to focus your attention on short-term gains blocks
the fulfillment of long-term core needs. The result can be serious consequences
to your overall emotional and physical health. Once immersed in a
delusional reality, you lose your ability to separate fact from fiction."
Carl Alasko, Ph. D.,  Emotional Bullshit, (NY:  Penguin Books, 2008) 21.

Delusions can also serve as enablers for those MissLed women who seek to avoid
responsibility or accountability:

"Delusion can also help you "defend" yourself (unethically) from being
held accountable for a deliberate violation. If you're accused of doing
something dishonest or deceitful, all you have to do is protest loudly,
"I didn't do it! I'm innocent!" If your objection is emphatic and frequent,
you can create a delusional "alternate reality of innocence."
Carl Alasko, Ph. D.,  Emotional Bullshit, (NY:  Penguin Books, 2008) 21-22.

For too many deluded MissLed women, even extensive personal experience is no teacher:

"With more years of life experience behind us, we should be able
to perceive the world more accurately - to distinguish delusions
of hope from hard-core reality.  We should, but we don't." Tali Sharot, The Optimism Bias: 
A Tour of the Irrationally Positive Brain,
(NY: Vintage Books, 2012) xiv.

Finally, many MissLed women harbor damaging delusions regarding changing men. They see themselves
as relationship Florence Nightingales.  In their deluded minds, their love has magic healing power.
What they are actually doing, however, is projecting their own wishes and desires.  They delusionally
attempt to impose their own standards of the type of behaviors/expectations to
"hold men up" to.
http://www.baggagereclaim.co.uk/florence-nightingale-why-needing-to-fixhealhelp-in-the-name-of-love-is-unhealthy-p1/
http://www.baggagereclaim.co.uk/florence-nightingale-women-that-fixhealhelp-and-empathy-vs-sympathy/

As far as possible, MissLed women must strive to eliminate both delusions and illusions
in their lives.  It is crucial to enable them to perceive their world more clearly:
"Understanding everyday illusions will lead you to RECALIBRATE
the way you approach your life to account for the limitations - and
the true strengths - of your mind...Ultimately, seeing through
the veils that distort how we perceive ourselves and the world will
connect you - for perhaps the first time - with reality."  Christopher
Chabris and Daniel Simons, The Invisible Gorilla, (NY: Broadway Books, 2011) xiii.

It is also crucial for the health of MissLed women's personal relationships:
"Delusion is a psychological processes that has no useful roles in adult relationships.
In relationships, you delude yourself about another person at your risk and peril." Carl Alasko,
Emotional Bullshit, (NY:  Penguin Books, 2008) 20.
===================================================================



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CONFUSIONS

"The thing about democracy, beloveds, is that it is not neat, orderly, or quiet. It requires a certain relish for confusion. - Molly Ivins o

"Truth emerges more readily from error than from confusion." - Francis Bacon

In today's turbulent, rapidly changing and increasingly confusing society, MissLed women
are particularly prone to confusion.  Harboring Illusions, holding on to Delusions,  and persisting with Assumptions  all contribute significantly to their increasing number of confusions. 
What are MissLed women typically confused about?  First and foremost, many don't possess a  moral compass.
Left to their own moral devices, they are easily and often left puzzled and confused.  Simple moral concepts such as whether to perceive actions as "fair" or "right" "normal," or "mean" confuse them.
Other typical examples of subjects where confusion MissLed women:

• Cause and Effect (in events)
• Love and Lust (within a sexual liaison)
• Meaning of words vs. actions

Many MissLed women are also confused about what to do with their new personal freedoms.  Sex, career options,
personal obligations - all cause confusion and consternation for many women. Lastly, many seem perpetually confused by men (mainly because they expect men to think, feel,
and perceive as they do). 
Society feeds their increasing number of confusions by continuously encouraging them to "follow
their hearts" and trust their supposedly reliable
intuition. At the same time, it promotes education and the pursuit of career "success"
as the most important goals for "happiness."
Much of what it preaches is grossly misleading - the outcomes promised by the messages don't match their resultant realities. Is it any wonder that so  many women struggle with confusions and don't
know their best path for happiness?

For many MissLed women, confusion reigns supreme when reality inevitably imposes itself in their lives. Such frustrating confusion's ultimate destination is painful DISILLUSION.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DISILLUSIONS
These feelings of disenchantment set in when MissLed women frustratingly discover that they
have been deceived. They finally understand that the fairy tales told to them by Disney and
their parents have no relation to reality as an adult. They
finally realize that the other illusions, beliefs, or other misguided convictions or ideals they held so dear
are not valid. That the romantic comedies and so-called romance novels don't depict anything close to real life.
That having a successful career won't make them happy, personally fulfilled, or more attractive
to men.
Is the best explanation for why so many MissLed women are resentful in mid life - as shown by their
dour dispositions, worry lines, walled-off personas and, ultimately, their common
filings for divorce - their realization that they've been LIED TO ALL THEIR LIVES?
They realize that fairy tales don't come true; that life is not fair; karma isn't
real; soul mates don't exist; and that their expectations for romance are unrealizable
and, finally, that their version of "love" doesn't last forever. Some, having lost their
dreams, descend to bitterness or resentment. They feel themselves shortchanged by life's broken promises. In today's culture of blame, something - or someone - therefore must be to blame for having wasted MissLed women's precious time on futile fantasies.  Most often, that someone is MEN.

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DISSOLLUTIONS
MissLed women's  illusions, delusions, confusions, assumptions and disillusions can be
so degrade their personal lives that they can ultimately lead to dissolutions. In fact, breakdowns, disintegrations, disruptions are too
common among MissLed women.  In the worst cases, terminations of their beliefs, relationships,
close friendships are the price of the MissLedness. For many MissLed women, Dissolutions are
the last stage - the end; the liquidation of so much effort, time, and expense.  What a
horrendous price many women for MissLed thinking, believing, and behaving!